Salai B Chan Khar
(Law & Criminal Justice Student, Swinburne University of Technology)
VICTORIA POLICE NIH ZEI TIK AH DAH AN IN TLAIH KHAWH?
Biaceihtu (judge) sermi phungbia (common law) ah Victoria Police nih tlaihnak nawl an in ngei lo. Asinain Victorian Parliament sermi phungbia Crime Act 1958 tang ah Victoria Police nih tlaihnak warrant lo in, tlaih khawhnak lam pahnih an ngei.
Lam Khatnak – Crime Act 1958 (Vic) s 459(1)
Level 1 – Level 6 a simi sualpi a tuah rua tiah Victoria Police nih reprai in an zumh tikah, tlaih khawh colh a si. Victoria ramkulh, asiloah, ramdang ah cu bantuk sualpi ngan cu, a tuah rua tiin an zumh ahcun, tlaih khawh colh a si. Police puhmi sualpi cu, sualpuhmi nih a tuah lo tiah biakhiaktu Jury nih an ti zong ah, Police cung ah mawhphorh khawh a si hlei lo.
Lam Hnihnak – Crime Act 1958 (Vic) s 458(1)
Sualte le sualpi a huap. Sualte (zapi lak zurit tbk.) tuah liomi paoh tlaihnak nawl an ngei. Victorian Summary Offence Act 1966 (sualte phungbia) le Crime Act 1958 (sualpi phungbia) ah aa ṭialmi sual phun poah a huap. Cu bantuk sual a tuah liomi minung cu, Victoria Police chim lo, pumpak minung hmanh nih tlaihnak nawl kan ngei. Cuti tlaihnak nih aa tinh bikmi cu, sual tuah lio minung kha biaceihtu hmai ah chuahpi awk, asiloah, a sual tuah liomi khamnak caah a si.
Zatlang hmun i cilcak ruang ah tlaih, asiloah, tangka dantat khawh a si. Midang takpum ah cil chak lebang cu, sualfak ah an ruah: (1) fih a nung; (2) zawtnak i chawnh khawh a si tiin an ruah. Zunzun lebang cu, a si te a si bak ti lo (i ceh sual cu, a kong ka thei lo).
Victoria Palik Tlaih Na Ralchanh Ahcun, Thong Kum Aa Chap
Sualpuhmi minung nih palik, asiloah, zaran minung i an tlaihnak a ralchanh hna, an takpum ah a kheuh hna ahcun, Crime Act s 31(1) a buar caah a tam bik kum 5 thong tlak khawh a si. Palik tlaihnak a ralchanh ahcun, a fak bik ning in kum 5 bak thong tlak khawh a si. Palik kheuh/ (velh) cu, phungbia nih fak khun in a chiah.
Phung Lo Ning Tlaihnak Ralchannak Nawl Na Ngei
Nguyen v Elliott taza cuainak ah na covo a lang. Victoria Police pahnih nih awmang lo tuk in Nguyen takpum ah ritsii an chek. A duh lo, a ralchanh hna. Kan in tlaih, an ti i, zaangtal in an tlaih. Nguyen nih palik pahnih cu a chuih hna, palik pakhat lebang cu, a seh le taza an cuai. Victorian Supreme Court nih hitihin bia a khiah: – An tlaihmi kha phung lo ning in a si caah, (Nguyen nih) kha nak fak deuh hmanh khan tuahhmuahnak nawl a ngeih hna tiin. Cucu phungbia ah aa cang, High Court of Australia zong nih a fehtermi a si.
PALIK NIH AN IN TLAIH TIK AH, NA COVO PAWL
USA ah cun, Miranda covo an ti. Miranda v Arizona (1966) taza cuainak ah a langmi covo a si. US Supreme Court pi nih a hun dirpimi a mikip covo a si. US Phunghrampi ah a cuang lenmi covo a si. US nih the Bills of Rights aa ngeih caah US Phunghrampi ah fek ngai khin Miranda covo hi aa benh thai ko lai. Cuti men cun, US Federal/ State Parliament nih an hlawh khawh lo dingmi covo a si ti awk a ṭha. Australia ah cun, the Bills of Rights a um lo. Cucaah, Australian/ State/ Territory Parliament nih cu bantuk covo cu, mersan khawhnak lam um dawh a si. Asinain Victoria Ramkulh nih cun Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities Act 2006 (Vic) aa ngeih ve caah, Victorian Parliament nih phung an ser tik ah, hi Charter hi a zulh hrimhrim lai. Asinain Charter (Vic) zong cu, Parliament nih remh khawh a si ve ṭhiam ko.
