Nizaan December 9 ahkhan Kawl Ramkomh ah Miphun Ni (Kawl Miphun Ni) “National Day” kum 100 a tling. Asinain, tuanbia a hngal tu hna le a hlat tu hna nih cun Kawl Miphun hna nih miphun dawtnak an rak kalpi cang ning khuallam hi kum 200 a si cang tiah an chim.
Cu miphun ni cu Independent lak hnu ralkap cozah tang ah khan cun lei apil ciahmah ko nain 2012 hnu cun fak piin cung ah a kai tthan ti a si.
Kawl miphun hna nih Natioanal Day an tuah hi ramchung ah sianginn rak kai mi hna nih cun Kan hngalh cio theo lai. Kawl nithlarel Tazaungmone thlapa lai in nihra nak a si a si. A liamcia 1920 ahkhan an rak thawk mi a si.
Zeiruang ah dah National Day cu an tuah tiah tuanbia hun rel than ahcun; Mirang kuttang ah Kawlram ah sianginn ah mirang nih British administration’s Rangoon University Act of 1920 kha an rak chuahpi.
Cu phung duh lo ruangah Rangon le Judson College kawl sianghngakchia hna nih duhlonak an rak langhter. Cucu Kawlram ah a voikhatnak Sianghngakchia Duhlo Langhternak a rak si. Hi duhlo langhternak ruang ahhin Kawl miphun le kawlca in cawnnak College pawl an rak dir. Cu ti cun, avoikhatnak Sianghleiruun sianghngakchia hna duhlo langhternak ni cu National Day (Miphun dawtnak dirpinak) tiah auh le hman lan a si.
Konbaung (ကုန္းေဘာင္ေခတ္) ah Kawl Miphun Dawtnak
Nitlak ram fimthiam hna nih an rak chim tawn mi cu Miphun dawtnak timi hi cauk in a karh an ti. Cubantuk Miphun dawtnak timi hi Africa le Asia ram pawl ahhin vawlei ralpi pahnihnak ah khan a rak tho ve tiah an chim. Cu cu Cornel University in minthang Professor Ben Anderson nih a rak tial mi The Ideas of Communities cauk in a hung chuak mi a si an ti.
Asinain, Kawl miphun nih an miphun dawtnak (Nationalism) hi zabu 18 khan a rak i thawk cang ee tiah Tuanbia thiam (Historians) Victor Liberman le Michael Charney hna nih cun an chim.
University of Michigan ah professor Victor Liberman nih cun South East Asia ram pawl a si mi Kawlram, Vietnam le Thailand karlak pawl ahhin zabu 18th lio Siangpahrang chan te khan mi ramdang tuklak le miphun pawl teinak, mah miphun ah ser in uknak a rak um cang tiah a chim ve fawn.
Kawlram zong ahhin Miphun, Nunphung le biaknak hmunkhat ah hmuhttinak timi hi Bagyidaw chan khan a rak um cang tiah Missionary Judson nih a rak ttial cang. London Professor Michael Archer nih a rak tial mi Analysis of power ti mi cauk ah Judson bia cu a ttial chih ve. Bagyidaw Siangpahrang nih Judson kha, “Khrihfa ah a lut mi Kawl pawl hi Kawl taktak an si maw, a dang Kawl miphun pawl he an i lo taktak maw?” tiah a rak hal bal ti a si.
Alaungphaya Siangpahrang chan a hun phak tikah Pegu-Hantawady a rak tuk. Hi a tuk lio ahhin Mon miphun pawl kha hlo hna uh tiah nawl a rak pek hna i Kawl miphun pawl kha miphun min in a rak forh hna ti mi cu Professor Chane nih chirhchan ah a lak fawn.
A hnu bik ah Alaungphaya Siangpahrang chan ah Pegu ram a rak tuk i, cucu Mon miphun pawl an holh/ca hman le cawn lo ding ah 1827-28 ahkhan phung a rak ser cang. Hi caan thawk in Kawlrawn ah zung hman mi ca cu Kawl ca ah an rak ser cang.
Mon miphun an holh/ca a tlau ruang ah mirang nih Kawlrawn an rak tuk lio ah milurelnak an tuah tikah Mon miphun pawl cu, “Mon miphun maw kan si Kawl miphun” timi ai hngal taktak lo mi hi an rak tamtuk cang tikah an milurelnak ah “Kawl miphun ka si” tiah a rak ti mi an tamtuk cang ti a si.
Rakhine le Shan ram zong ahhin Kawl siangpahrang pawl nih an rak tuk hna tikah an holhca, nunphung le biaknak in chilh-iap an rak i zuam hna. Cu miphun, nunphun le biaknak chilh cu Siangpahrang Naung (Bayin Naung) chan khan a rak i thawk cang.
Mirang Chan Ah Kawl Miphun Tartahaknak
Kawl Miphun Siangpahrang chan ah Kawlrawn laicir in a tanglei miphun le ram pawl dawpdolhnak cu an hlawh a rak tling nain Mirang chan (Colony) ah cun Kawl miphun nih an rak tuah kho tilo.
Nichaklei ram a si mi pawl ah cun Kawl siangpahrang pawl nih an uknak an rak dirternak hi ram laicir hrawng lawng ah a rak si. Cu pin ah Mirang nih Kawl miphun uknak ram pawl kha a tthentthen in a tuk ruangah siseh, cu miphun hna nih Kawl miphun siangpahrang uknak an duh taktak lo ruang ah siseh, mirang chan ah Kawl miphun pi thawhnak a rak i tartahak ngaingai.
Rakhine, Mon le Shan lila hmanh nih Bamar miphun uknak nakin an miphun dawtnak tu ahkhan an pil deuhdeuh cang. Cucu 1930 hrawng khan a rak si cang ti khawh asi.
Tlangcung miphun hna le Kawlrawn Bamar miphun hna karlak zumh lonak zong hi a hlan te khan a rak um cang mi a si. Tlangcung miphun hna cu an mah tein a um duh mi miphun an si. A hlei in Karen miphun hna hi biakam a fek mi (tisa ngei) an si i, Mirang he a rak ttang i Khrihfa biaknak ah a lut mi an si ruang ah vawlei ralpi II nak ahkhan Kawl miphun pawl he i remnak a hnursuang ngaingai tu an hung si (1963 paper on religion and nationalism in Southeast Asia).
Cu ca ah Kawl miphun hna nih Miphun sernak le Nationalism an sernak cu Mirang chan ah hlawh a ting lo i, Ralkap cozah chan zong ah a zual chinchin tiah hlathlai tu hna nih an chuahpi.
Kawl miphun Siangpahrang nih a rak uknak vawlei ram pawl le a rak uk bal lonak vawlei pawl kha fonh in India ram ramkulh pakhat sinak in Burma ram timi ah tthen an rak aupi. Cu nih cun Union of Burma timi cu a rak hrin taktak. Asinain, miphun kip cawh in tthen mi ram a si tikah Kawl miphun uknak phung he Civil War he kum 70 lengkai a kal cang tiah hmuh khawh asi.
Miphun, Holh/ca Le Biaknak (အမ်ိုး၊ဘာသာ၊သာသနာ)
Kawlram uknak hi Thailand ram bantukin Siangpahrang chung nih sersiam a si lo tikah a buai chinchin nak a si kho ti mi ruahnak zong a um. Myanmar miphun dawtnak hi, Holh le ca, Sianghleiruun sianghngakchia hna le Phungki pawl le ramkhel party pawl nih sersiam a si tiah 1947 Far East Asia magazine capar pakhat ah hmuh khawh asi.
Thailand ram cu zabu 20th a phak tikah Siangpahrang Rama VI nih nitlak ram bantukin chanthar miphun dawtnak he ram a ser khawh. Ramkhel, Biaknak le Siangpahrang timi muisam cuang in an ram thantar a ser.
Kawl ram, Siangpahrang a um ti lomi ram ah cun Miphun, Holh/ca, Biaknak tiin miphun ram an ser. Biaknak, Leitang thilchuak le Ralthatnak timi muisam keng in rampi thantar Aihre, Hring le Sen an ser.
Kawlrawn ahhin 1826 thawk in 1885 karlak ah mirang nih voithum khengte a rak tuk. India ram he komh in a uk lio ah nihlawh tlawm ngai in pek mi Kala miphun dang pawl kha Kawlram ah mirang nih an rak luhpi hna tikah Miphun kar huatnak le buainak a rak chuak.
Zabu 20th chuahka in Zabu 21th tiang Kawl miphun Buddhist nu pawl thit-laknak ding ca ah Phung rumra ngei in an ser ruang tikah ramkhel ah miphun hrambunhnak fak ngaingai a chuak. Independent ngah hnu strict taktak in ser mi rammi sinak Phung le lam an sernak a ruang zong hi mirang huatnak in a chuak mi Kawl miphun Ramkhel riantuan tu le Kawl miphun hrambunh Media hna ruang ah a si ti a si.
Kap khat lei ah Thailand ram he i lo loin Kawlram ah zung hman mi caholh ah mirang ca le chawlehnak ca ah Hindustan holh an rak hman mi zong cu Kawl miphun pawl ca ah lungfah awk ngai a rak si ve. 1910 hrawng ahkhan kawlca ah hmantlawm deuh alphabet cafang pawl hman tilo ding an rak chuahpi ruang ah Kawl miphun an thin a rak lin i, 1930 hrawng ah Our Burma Association nih “Kawlram cu kan ram, Kawlca cu kan ca, Kawlholh cu kan holh” tiah an rak aupi phah.
1943 kum Japan chan lio ah Kawlca kha Official Language ah hman dingin an rak zuam. Mirang ca in khenh mi lam min pawl kha Kawlca in an rak thlen dih hna. 1948 kum ah cun Kawlca cu Sianghleiruun ah cawn ding in an rak chuah pi in 1964 ah cun an hlawh a rak tling.
Kawl miphun dawtnak le Miphun hrambunh sianginn dirhnak kha Kawlram ah zabu 19th hrawngkhan a rak i thawk cang. A hnu ah cun Kawl sianginn rampi an rak chuak. Mirang chan ah mirang sianginn a kai mi hna cu Khrihfa biaknak ah an luh lengmang ruang ah Kawl sianginn an dirhnak a rak i thawk ti a si.
Hi sianginn pawl ahhin Buddhist biaknak kong le holh le ca chimhnak le Kawl miphun hrambunh puai tuahnak pawl kha an cawn chih. Hi bantukin Biaknak le Holh le ca hrambunh in miphun sernak an rak thawk mi a hnubik a result cu 1947 kum ram pumpi Phunghram ah Buddhist biaknak kha rampi biaknak ah ser timi cawlcanghnak a rak ser. Cucu De Dot U Ba Cho nih a rak aupi mi a rak si.
A hnu bik 1960 kum ah Prime Minister U Nu nih Buddhist biaknak cu rampi biaknak ah a rak chuapi ruang ah Khrihfa a si mi Kachin miphun hna nih hriamtlaih hram an rak thawk.
Nihin Kawl ramkomh Ramkhel zoh tikah Biaknak, Holh le ca hrambunh in khel mi ramkhel a si tiah hlathlai tu tampi nih an chim cang. Federal ramkomh sernak ding ca ah hibantuk ruahnak le Biaknak, Holh/ca le miphun pakhat hrambunh ai tel mi ramkhel hi Kawl miphun hna nih an ruah ngaingai a hau mi thil a si bantukin tlancung miphun hna zong an ruah ngaingai awk a si cang tiah an chim.
Chin National Day, Karen National Day le Shan National Day tiah National Day a tam lengluang mi ram pakhat ah Bamar National Day um loin National Day timi a um mi Kawl ramkomh hi vawleicung ah Kawlram komh khuaruah har a sinak pakhat a si ve.
Nihin ah Myanmar Ramkomh cu Kawl miphun hna Caholh le Nunphung sersiamnak nih a thawh pi mi National Day kum 100 a tling. Asinain, Kawl miphun hna nih a hlan ah an Siangpahrang hna uknak nih a rak pennak he pen lonak ram he Holh/ca, Biaknak le miphun chilhchihnak he Miphun Dawtnak “Nationalism” an thawk nak cu Kum 200 a luan cang tiah chim khawh a si.
